Apical microsurgery, developed in the 1990s ... leading to improved patient outcomes and the preservation of natural teeth. We believe this will set a new standard in dental care.” ...

tooth or periodontal abscess, apical problems around the root of the teeth, impaction, fractured of tooth, misalignment, ...

We harvested chronic periapical periodontitis clinical samples from 106 patients, including 50 boys and 56 girls. Age, sex, and the different pathological types of chronic periapical lesions are ...

However, the role of IL-1 in periapical lesions characterized by periapical bone destruction in primary teeth has not yet been fully elucidated. This study aimed to detect the distribution and ...