Overall, the technical success rate of bile duct stent placement is around 90–95%. 4 In 3–5% of patients the percutaneous transhepatic route must be used rather than the transduodenal route ...

The global biliary stent market was valued at approximately USD 394.5 million in 2022 and is projected to grow at a healthy CAGR of over 5.5% during the forecast period from 2023 to 2030. Biliary ...

Microbiological bile analysis might, however, have a role in patients with complications of orthotopic liver transplantation and those in whom adequate biliary drainage has not been achieved.

There is a wide variety of stents used for different purposes, from expandable coronary, vascular and biliary stents, to simple plastic stents used to allow the flow of urine between kidney and ...

avoiding placement of biliary stent through intact sphincter in patients with sphincter of Oddi dysfunction, and using soft-tipped guide wires to access bile ducts. Aggressive hydration ...