Charge injection creates oxidized and reduced forms of the organic semiconductor molecules near the anode and cathode, respectively, and the different optical properties of these species have been ...
127 years ago a great scientist’s lecture observed the electrical charge in cathode rays and concluded that “the size of the carriers must be small compared with the dimensions of ordinary atoms and ...
However, challenges such as capacity fading and voltage decay during charge-discharge cycles have hindered its commercial viability. While previous studies have identified structural changes in the ...