SOME cilia and flagella beat in a complex three-dimensional manner, and, in addition, the angular velocity at the tip is greater than at the base. Presumably the bundle of fibrils which make up a ...

Likewise, for many years it was generally assumed that the entire phylum Nematoda, comprising roundworms, completely lacked cilia or flagella. Now it is known that they contain primary cilia ...

The study shows that in liquid environments, where bacteria rely on movement to navigate, the rotation of flagella acts as a mechanical signal that turns on a set of genes required for DNA transfer.