Estimates of its temperature vary ... The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth. It is the familiar landscape on which we live: rocks, soil, and seabed. It ranges from about five miles ...

2024 was the hottest year on record and the first year Earth's temperature surpassed 1.5°C (2.7°F). The past 10 years have been the 10 hottest years on record, and a reconstruction of Earth's ...

indicating differences in temperature, composition, and solidity within the layer. It also plays a crucial role in mantle ...