Dipole toroidal modes are a unique set of excitations that are predicted to occur in various physical systems, ranging from atomic nuclei to metamaterials. What characterizes these excitations, or ...

Chemistry modeling is a natural attribute for quantum ... dependence on electron-electron scattering. The time cost for simulation also relied on hardware realization. As a result, the most ...

SAXS continues to evolve with advancements in instrumentation, data analysis, and modeling techniques. The development of high-brilliance X-ray sources, such as synchrotrons and free-electron lasers, ...