They pop in from the vacuum, stay a shorter time than is set by the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle, then are absorbed by the 1S electron state, which has spin 1/2. Accounting for the two-loop ...

Perovskite solar cells have a structure in which holes and electron transport layers surround ... More information: Yizhou Chen et al, Operando spin observation elucidating performance-improvement ...

Reporting in Physical Review Letters, Gert Brodin and co-workers 1 have increased ... of electron spin. Quantum plasmas are common not only in astrophysical environments 2, such as the interiors ...