Unlike graphene, they have a direct band gap, meaning that their valance bands (the outermost electron shells of atoms) are directly aligned with the conduction band (the electron shell adjacent ...

Graphene is a single layer of carbon atoms ... said that in order to change a conventional semiconductor's electron density or band gap, researchers have to adjust the chemical composition and ...

Techniques for Band Gap Engineering vary, including doping, the introduction of impurities into a semiconductor to alter its electrical properties; strain engineering, where stress is applied to ...