At the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries in the Manchurian city of Harbin, there were Polish schools, organisations and Polish-language press. As many as ten thousand of our fellow Poles were living ...

In 1922 rough, sprawling Harbin, Manchuria swarmed with intrigue—Chinese v. Russians, Japanese v. Chinese, Russians v. Japanese, White Russians v. Red Russians ...

Sugihara's foreign service career took off in part because of his early work in Harbin, Manchuria. Here, Gluck comments on one of Sugihara's key projects, and the general importance of Manchuria ...

Soon after starting university, Sugihara won a scholarship from the Japanese foreign service to study Russian in Harbin, China. Then the capital of Manchuria, Harbin was an international city ...