Igneous rocks form when magma cools underground or erupts at the surface as lava. The magma rises into the Earth’s crust, where it can get trapped underground or erupt from volcanoes as molten lava.

The Eyjafjallajokull volcano began erupting in March. On 14 April, the eruption entered a new explosive phase which was to bring European airspace to a standstill. The eruption threw thousands of ...

Volcanoes are formed when magma (liquid rock) trapped underneath the Earth’s crust rises to the surface and escapes through cracks. The space for the magma to leave is very small and ...

“This combination of a large volcanic crater, ultra-hot fluids, and unique habitats is key to understanding how underwater volcanoes work and how raw materials are formed on the seafloor.

Using advanced technology that analyzes tiny gas bubbles trapped in crystals, a team of scientists led by Cornell University ...