However, traditional carbon fiber production relies on costly, petroleum-based materials, driving up costs and environmental impact. Lignin—a widely available by-product of cellulose production ...

However, traditional carbon fibre production relies on costly, petroleum-based materials, driving up costs and environmental impact. Lignin – a widely available by-product of cellulose production, ...

While microwaves have been used to synthesize nanoparticles and graphene, applying them to carbon fiber production is groundbreaking. However, PAN and lignin do not naturally absorb microwave ...