Normal results are reported when no immunoglobulin proteins, called oligoclonal bands, are found in your cerebrospinal fluid. It is abnormal when there are more than two oligoclonal bands ...

A CSF leak occurs when cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) escapes from the protective layer surrounding the brain and spinal cord. This is a serious condition that can cause headaches, seizures ...

The ventricles – spaces in the brain where CSF is made -- produce too much fluid. Something blocks the normal flow of fluid and causes it to build up. The bloodstream can’t absorb all the fluid.

Dear Dr. Roach: My son has been diagnosed with a cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. I had never heard of this. He has been told that his brain pressure is lower than normal. This caused him to have ...

Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid revealed that the pH was 7.5 (normal), glucose 4.5 mmol/l (normal 2.3–3.9 mmol/l), protein 49 mg/dl (normal 15–50 mg/dl) without any red or white blood ...

Here we will discuss the procedure for obtaining a cerebellomedullary CSF sample. Normal CSF (in a disease-free state) is a clear, colorless pure transudate with very low protein concentration and ...