Students need to be familiar with organic functional groups, reactions, and proposing a mechanism. There are four units: 1.) nomenclature, structure, and oxidation state, 2.) reduction of aldehydes ...

Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs) are a class of enzymes that play a crucial role in the oxidation of ketones to lactones, a reaction that is significant in various industrial applications ...

forming two additional ketone (carbonyl) groups. The loss of hydrogen indicates an oxidation reaction (increasing the oxygen to hydrogen ratio) and the molecule will also lose two electrons.

To address this, our body has a built-in mechanism to produce this special ... in overall ATP production coming from ketones and glucose oxidation to ATP from 15% to 28% with preserved pumping ...