The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway plays a crucial role ... and other downstream components such as mTOR, integrin-linked kinase (ILK), phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDK ...

PI3K signaling pathways. Upon activation by RTK, GPCR, Integrin, and Ras, p110 loses inhibition by p85 and converts PIP2 to PIP3. PIP3 recruits AKT to the cell membrane, where AKT is activated ...