This site rises high above the Bakirçay Plain in Turkey’s Aegean region. The acropolis of Pergamon was the capital of the Hellenistic Attalid dynasty, a major centre of learning in the ancient world.

During the Hellenistic era, an obscure city in western Asia Minor (modern Turkey) became one of the leading states of the 3rd and 2nd centuries BCE. The Attalids, who ruled Pergamon, were a ...