Secondary aerosols consist of mixtures of compounds; the main components are sulphate, nitrate, and OC. The main precursor gases are emitted from fossil fuel combustion, but fires and biogenic ...

The reason: The eruption formed smaller sulfate aerosols that had an efficient cooling effect that unexpectedly outweighed the warming effect of the water vapor. Meanwhile, the water vapor interacted ...

Yet parameterizations designed to represent aerosol lifecycles and their interactions ... simulates stronger aqueous-phase production of sulfate due to increased cloud liquid water content while ...

Purpose: The effects of extreme temperatures on drug delivery of two albuterol sulfate hydrofluoroalkane, metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) were evaluated.Methods. Three Proventil HFA and three ...

Leak Rate. It is common for MDIs to lose propellant during storage. The propellant-leak rate of the test MDIs was compared with that of the controls (Figure 3). The leak rates for the Proventil ...

Sulphate aerosols, which form through the oxidation of sulphur dioxide, are highly reflective and make up nearly 50-60% of the overall aerosol composition in India, in addition to black carbon ...