This type of spectroscopy is excellent for analysing trace amounts of materials, making it practical for use as a scanning tool. For instance, chemical and biological warfare agents and other ...

Optical parametric oscillators (OPOs) are convenient sources of coherent light that suit numerous scientific applications, including various types of spectroscopy, multiphoton excitation ...

Identifying various types of molecules and cells is a crucial step in both basic and applied science. Raman spectroscopy is a widely used measurement technique for this purpose. When a laser beam ...