6 This demand on internal rotation of the upper arm during tennis can result in an increase of internal rotatory forces across the elbow joint. In the third plane, valgus and varus, we also can ...

Background Excessive elbow varus torque (EVT) is the primary biomechanical mechanism of ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injury in baseball pitchers. The EVT-ball velocity (T-V) relationship is pitcher ...

This method not only addresses varus or valgus deformities but also allows ... often resulting from improper healing of elbow fractures.