Eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells produce minute (40-1000 nm) membrane vesicles that are released into the local environment. These extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, ...

the process by which new brain cells are formed. Furthermore, the nerve-connected muscles also released a greater variety of extracellular vesicles, which carried RNA fragments associated with ...

There are two types of removal: Re-uptake – the neurotransmitter is reabsorbed back into the presynaptic neuron and restored inside a vesicle ready to be used again. For example, noradrenaline.

Cells intake substances from the outside world by encapsulating them in vesicles called endosomes, which are subsequently ...

Jennifer Morgan, senior scientist at the Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, studies how the synapse malfunctions in devastating diseases such as Parkinson’s and Lewy body dementia. Now, her lab ...

Cell-free therapies have emerged as a promising strategy in veterinary regenerative medicine, harnessing the regenerative potential of growth factors, exosomes, and other extracellular vesicles. By ...

By influencing calcium homeostasis, local protein synthesis and the endoplasmic reticulum, a small protein called Rab10 emerges as a crucial cytoplasmic regulator of neuropeptide secretion.

Get Instant Summarized Text (Gist) Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from cancer cells play a crucial role in tumor spread by facilitating intercellular communication. Recent imaging studies reveal ...

(1) A nerve impulse arrives. (2) This causes calcium ion channels to open, resulting in an influx of calcium ions in the terminal. (3) This causes synaptic vesicles to fuse with the terminal ...

such as immune rejection or uncontrolled cell proliferation. Moreover, the platform's versatility is noteworthy. By altering the targeting molecule, researchers can direct these vesicles to other ...