Like predation and competition, recognition of mutualisms' functional responses and consumer-resource interactions provides new insights into their density-dependent population dynamics.

All lines entering each consumer again sum to 1.00 but are based ... position 3.4. There are many ways to represent food webs in ecology, and Figure 1 shows the relationships between 5 approaches ...

He added that consumer cosmopolitanism had five major components: education ecology, basic ecology, cultural ecology, economic ecology and consumer ecology. “Education ecology aims to create ...

The field of environment and ecology includes subjects such as environmental health, environmental monitoring and management, and climate change. The study of the environment and ecology deals ...