On day 15 of the estrous cycle, the heifer was injected with a 2% lidocaine HCL solution (Sichuan Jixing Animal Pharmaceutical CO., LTD, China) in the first coccygeal intervertebral space. Then, ...

The risk assessment was determined to be exempt from review by the University of Minnesota IRB (IRB HSC 1401E46882). Study workers visited each farm once to collect blood samples from the coccygeal ...