f Due to increased activity of sodium channels. g Due to increased activity of Na-Cl co-transporter in the distal tubule. h Specific for underlying mechanisms (other forms of treatment ...

By competing with aldosterone for receptor sites in distal renal tubules, spironolactone increases sodium chloride and water excretion while conserving potassium and hydrogen ions. The inhibition ...

Furosemide's primary action is the inhibition of sodium and chloride reabsorption in the proximal and distal tubules and the loop of Henle. Its high diuretic effect is primarily due to its ...

In fish and amphibians, nephrons within opistonephros differentiate into proximal and distal regions. In reptiles, birds and mammals, the metanephric tubules become differentiated into three regions: ...