The fault is marked by the cut in the cardboard. In a normal fault, the rock above the fault plane moves down the slope of the fault (figure 4). Ask a student to demonstrate this using the cardboard.

Faults are defined by the kind of motion that happens where they are. Normal faults show cracks where one block of rock is sliding down and away from another block of rock. These faults usually occur ...

The subsidence occurs along a series of normal faults dipping towards the centre ... whereas stacked lenses of mud resembling a Christmas tree and rock fragments in the subsurface attest to ...