Abstract: This paper introduces a contact mechanics-based catenary–pantograph interaction model (HCM-M6) for use in high-speed electric railways in a finite element (FE) simulation framework. The ...

The China locomotive pantographs market is projected to grow significantly, reaching an estimated valuation of USD 184.4 million by 2035, with a CAGR of 6.1% from 2025 to 2035. As the world’s largest ...

The India locomotive pantographs market is expected to grow significantly, reaching an estimated valuation of USD 94.4 million by 2035, with a CAGR of 5.7% from 2025 to 2035. India’s ambitious rail ...