Covalent bonding involves the sharing of electrons between atoms. As with the ionic bond example draw a dot-and-cross diagram, taking care to show the shared electrons. There are no square ...

Why complex numbers? the imaginary unit; the fundamental theorem of algebra; Adding and multiplying complex numbers; the complex conjugate; dividing complex numbers; polar representation; De Moivre's ...

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Nanotechnology, Kaiserstraße 12, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany ...