3 Therefore, methods to probe uniformity across graphene devices are essential for quality assurance. The Edinburgh Instruments RM5 Confocal Raman Microscope is ideally suited for analyzing graphene.

Raman spectroscopy experiments show that the interaction between electrons and phonons in graphene resembles the Dirac fermion–photon coupling in quantum electrodynamics. In the early days of ...

Qi and her colleagues used advanced techniques, including photoluminescence (PL) mapping and Raman spectroscopy, to analyze how fluorination changes graphene's structure and optical properties.