Reward is an appealing or appetitive concept that can be applied to an object or a situation, which positively reinforces a response, satisfies a motive or intent, or signals pleasure. Neural ...

Credit: MIT The brain processes visual information using two pathways that handle different tasks. Scientists have long believed that one of these, the ventral visual stream, evolved specifically to ...

In this review, we will critically evaluate recent studies focused on the ventral premammillary nucleus (PMv) and discuss findings that reveal the PMv as a key, yet sometimes overlooked, node in ...

在认知地图与模式（schemas）形成机制不明的情况下，研究人员开展 “海马体（HC）与眶额叶皮质（OFC）如何相互作用” 的研究。他们发现，HC 主要输出区域失活后，OFC 模式细胞形成在学习新问题时加速，这为理解大脑认知功能提供新视角，推动相关领域发展。

aNational Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA bNational Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA Drug ...

Lesions linked to secondary psychosis exhibited an 84% overlap in functional connectivity to the posterior subiculum of the ... circuit extended to the ventral tegmental area, retrosplenial ...

cBrain and Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia dSchool of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia ...

The ventral diencephalon receives direct inputs from limbic cortical regions via the subiculum and may thus be modulated by seizures (42). Whether the hypothalamus plays a direct role in SUDEP is not ...

[44] Hypospadias with ventral chordee. Note the downward tilt of the glans. Photo courtesy of Timothy Bukowski, MD.