These are known as Z-type ligands, and they can accept electrons from a metal. However, boron, the smallest element in group 13, has only been shown to do this with the support of additional ...

Global desalination capacity reached 95 million cubic meters per day in 2019, and new membranes designed for boron removal could save approximately $6.9 billion annually. The team highlights that ...

Boron is a natural component of seawater that ... or around 20 cents per cubic meter of treated water," said Weiyi Pan, a ...