In nature, one never finds the ideal plane waves described in textbooks. Real physical waves, such as light beams, spread, diffract, scatter and interfere in complex and chaotic ways. An intriguing ...

Light is closely integrated with our intellectual, philosophical and scientific discourse. The exact nature of light has remained a mystery since we stepped on earth. Newton postulated the corpuscular ...

According to Einstein’s theory of general relativity, gravitational waves warp spacetime ... “[There is] a resulting change in photon wavelength.” Gravitational waves interacting with particles of ...