The history of North Africa has been divided into its prehistory, its classical period, the arrival and spread of Islam, the colonial period, and finally the post-independence era, in which the current nations were formed. The region has been influenced by many diverse cultures.

The prehistory of North Africa spans the period of earliest human presence in the region to gradual onset of historicity in the Maghreb during classical antiquity. Early anatomically modern humans are known to have been present at Jebel Irhoud, in what is now Morocco, approximately 300,000 years ago. [1]

The history of North Africa during the period of classical antiquity (c. 8th century BCE – 5th century CE) can be divided roughly into the history of Egypt in the east, the history of ancient Libya in the middle and the history of Numidia and Mauretania in the west.

2025年1月25日 · North Africa (with the exception of Cyrenaica) entered the mainstream of Mediterranean history with the arrival in the 1st millennium bc of Phoenician traders, mainly from Tyre and Sidon in modern Lebanon.

2011年12月15日 · Phoenician traders arrived on the North African coast around 900 B.C. and established Carthage (in present-day Tunisia) around 800 B.C. By the sixth century B.C., a Phoenician presence existed at Tipasa (east of Cherchell in Algeria).

2025年1月25日 · In ancient historical times much of North Africa was evergreen forest or scrub, and the fauna included such animals as elephants, zebras, and ostriches. The mountains have been of the utmost importance in the historical development of the area.

2024年1月11日 · No discussion about Northern Africa’s ancient civilizations is complete without mentioning the mighty and enigmatic civilization of ancient Egypt. From the majestic pyramids of Giza to the iconic Sphinx, Egypt’s ancient heritage continues to captivate the world.

2022年7月26日 · Ancient North Africa and its expansive civilizations -- Rome and North Africa -- Medieval North Africa: from the arrival of Islam to the Berber empires -- The Almoravid and the Almohad empires and their successor states -- Turkish ascendance and Moroccan independence -- European colonialism in North Africa -- The decolonization of North Africa ...

2022年3月22日 · A Companion to North Africa in Antiquity, edited by a recognized leader in the field, is the first reference work of its kind in English. It provides a comprehensive introduction to all aspects of North Africa's rich history from the Protohistoric period through Late Antiquity (1000 BCE to the 800 CE).

Ancient North African Empires refers to the period before the spread of Islam in the region, which covers modern-day Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Egypt and Libya. The area was home to a number of kingdoms and empires, including the Berber kingdoms, the Carthaginian Empire, and the Roman Empire.