Moreover, RHO GTPases control signal transduction pathways that influence gene expression including the serum response factor (SRF), nuclear factor κB (NFκB) transcription factor, c-JUN N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways [19, 166].

The Rho family of GTPases is a family of small (~21 kDa) signaling G proteins, and is a subfamily of the Ras superfamily. The members of the Rho GTPase family have been shown to regulate many aspects of intracellular actin dynamics, and are found in all eukaryotic kingdoms, including yeasts and some plants.

2002年12月12日 · Rho GTPases are molecular switches that control a wide variety of signal transduction pathways in all eukaryotic cells.

2019年1月17日 · RHO GTPases regulate cell behavior by activating a number of downstream effectors that regulate cytoskeletal organization, intracellular trafficking and transcription (reviewed by Sahai and Marshall 2002).

In their active, GTP-bound state, Ras and Rho GTPases interact with target proteins to promote a cellular response. Finally, an intrinsic GTPase activity, catalyzed further by GTPase activating proteins (GAPs), completes the cycle and the GTPase returns to its inactive, GDP-bound state.

2021年4月2日 · RHOA, the founding member of the RHO GTPase family, regulates the actin cytoskeleton, formation of stress fibers and cell contractility, which is implicated in cell adhesion and migration (Lessey et al. 2012). RHOB and RHOC functions resemble RHOA (Vega and Ridley 2018; Guan et al. 2018).

2016年6月15日 · Rho GTPases regulate cytoskeletal and cell adhesion dynamics and thereby coordinate a wide range of cellular processes, including cell migration, cell polarity and cell cycle progression.

The Rho GTPase pathway is involved in the regulation of a wide variety of cell processes such as cell morphology, survival, proliferation, and adhesion. These biological processes are important in the deregulation of cell signaling that results in transformation and metastases.

2021年7月20日 · Identified and structurally verified hotspots as functional determinants specific to RHO GTPase regulation by GDIs, GEFs, and GAPs as well as signaling through effectors are presented, and challenges and future perspectives are discussed.

2023年11月30日 · What are Rho GTPases? The Ras homologous (Rho) protein family is a member of the Ras superfamily of small GTPases. Small GTPases are monomeric proteins and function as molecular switches that turn “on” or turn “off” signal transduction pathways in response to chemical or mechanical stimuli.